Breast Cancer and Ovarian Cancer in Monozygotic Twins

We shows the case of three pairs of monocygotic twins in our local area where we carried out our research: in the first pair of identical twins (case 1), one of them was diagnosed at the age of 43 with bilateral ovum cancer and the other one with left ovum cancer at the age of 48. In both cases: high risk cancer, dying of neoplasia dissemination 5 and 6 years after the diagnosis. The genetic study of BRCA was not carried out. In the second pair of monocygotic twins (case 2), only one of them was diagnosed with breast cancer at the age of 39, while the other twin presents no cancer after 10 years of the diagnosis of her identical twin. Although the genetic study BRCA1 and 2 in this family came out negative, the other pair of twins was diagnosed with bilateral breast cancer: one of them at 39 and 40 years old, and the other at 50 and 58 years old. In 2002, we published the case of a pair of monocygotic twins (case 3) that were diagnosed with BC, one of them at 55 and 61 (bilateral BC) and the other at 60 (right BC). The new achievements in genetics, both in the understanding of the human genome as well as in reducing costs, should lead to a much more regular use of DNA tests to improve the prevention of breast and hereditary ovum cancer syndromes, through oophorectomy and/or prophylactic mastectomy. This will also increase the “Preimplantational Genetic Diagnosis” and will make it more popular through assisted reproductive techniques in families with a high risk, where the possibility of selecting embryos free of genetic mutation should be offered for its implantation and gestation.